by Amb. Muhammed bashir Yunusa (GECCI Kogi State President)
A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing and ecological function.][The Food and Agriculture Organization defines a forest as land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ.
It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use.Using this definition FRA 2020 found that forests covered 4.06 billion hectares or approximately 31 percent of the global land area in 2020 but are not equally distributed around the globe.
A conifer forest in the Swiss Alps (National Park)
The Adirondack Mountains of
Upstate New York form the southernmost part of the Eastern forest-boreal transition eco region.
Forest on Mount Dajt, Albania
Forests are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem of Earth, and are distributed around the globe. More than half of the world’s forests are found in only five countries (Brazil, Canada, China, Russian Federation and United States of America). The largest part of the forest (45 percent) is found in the tropical domain, followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.
Forests account for 75% of the gross primary production of the Earth’s biosphere, and contain 80% of the Earth’s plant biomass. Net primary production is estimated at 21.9 gigatonnes carbon per year for tropical forests , 8.1 for
temperate forests , and 2.6 for boreal forests
Forests at different latitudes and elevations, and with different precipitation and evapotranspiration form distinctly different.
